Timeline of Prophet's (PBUH) Life

Prophet Muhammad PBUH is born.

The Prophet is given to the nurse Halima.

Chest of the Prophet PBUH is opened and cleansed by two angels.

Halima brings Prophet Muhammad PBUH to his mother in Mecca.

The Prophet’s mother, Amna, dies in Abwa.

Custody of the Prophet is given to his grandfather, Abdulmuttalib.

Abdulmuttalib dies. The Prophet is given to his uncle, Abu Talib.

The Prophet’s journey to Syria with his uncle, Abu Talib. The episode of Bahira, the monk, occurs.

Participation in the battle of Fijar.

Participation in Hilf al-Fudul, a league for the relief of the distressed.

Prophet Muhammad PBUH is made responsible for the trade caravan belonging to the widow Khadijah and he leads her caravan to the city of Busra.

The Prophet arbitrates in a dispute among the Quraish tribe about where to place the Black Stone in the Kaaba during repairs.

The first revelation in the cave of Mt. Hira, the revelation of the first five verses of Surat al-Alaq (27th Ramadan).

After the declaration at Mt. Safa, the Prophet invites people to Islam, starting with his closest relatives.

The weak Muslims are persecuted by the Quraish.

The first emigration to Abyssinia.

The second emigration to Abyssinia.

Hamza converts to Islam.

Umar converts to Islam, the Prophet and the first Muslims leave the House of Arqam.

The Hashim and Muttalib tribes meet near where Abu Talib lives to protect Prophet Muhammad PBUH. The unbelievers start social and economic boycotts against the Muslims.

The boycott is lifted.

Abu Talib and Khadijah die (The year of sorrow).

The Prophet takes a journey to Taif with Zaid b. Harisa and returns to Mecca, under the protection of Mut‘im b. Adi (Shawwal).

A group of people from the Hazraj tribe in Medina meet with the Prophet and become Muslim during the season of pilgrimage at Aqaba (Dhu al-Hijjah).

The Miraj (Ascension) and the prescription of the five daily prayers (27 Rajab).

First allegiance at Aqaba. Prophet Muhammad PBUH sends Mus‘ab b. Umair to Medina to teach Islam (Dhu al-Hijjah).

Second allegiance at Aqaba (Dhu al-Hijjah).

Muslims start to migrate to Medina (Muharram/July).

The meeting of unbelievers at Dar al-Nadwa; a decision is taken to assassinate the Prophet.

The migration of Prophet Muhammad PBUH with Abu Bakr; they hide in the cave of Thawr.

Departure from the cave of Thawr for Medina

The Masjid at Quba is established (Rabi’ al-Awwal/ September).

The Prophet performs the first Friday prayer in the valley of Ranuna, arriving in Medina on the same day and settling in the house of Abu Ayyub al-Ansari.

The start of the construction of the Masjid al-Nabawi.

First adhan for prayer is called.

The establishment of brotherhood between the emigrants and the helpers (Ansar) (Muakhat-Brotherhood) (Rajab/January)..

The regulation of the constitutional agreement of Medina and the establishment of the boundaries of Muslim Medina (Ramadan/March).

Permission to fight against unbelievers is granted.

Completion of the construction of the Masjid al-Nabawi (Shawwal/April).

The establishment of the market place in Medina.

The formation of the Suffa (porch or veranda) of the Masjid al-Nabawi.

The Prophet fasts for Ashura; this is recommended to all Muslims (10 Muharram/14 July).

The change of the direction of prayer (qibla) from al-Masjid al-Aqsa in Jerusalem to al-Masjid al-Haram in Mecca (Rajab/January).

The introduction of the mandatory Ramadan fast (Sha’aban/February).

Start of the tarawih (nightly) prayer during the month of Ramadan (1 Ramadan/26 February).

The battle of Badr. (17 Ramadan/ 13 March).

The revelation of Surat al-Anfal.

The death of the Prophet’s daughter Ruqiyyah (Ramadan/ Mach).

Payment of alms (fitra) at the end of Ramadan becomes mandatory (Ramadan/ March).

The first Eid al-Fitr (celebration after Ramadan), and the first congregational Eid prayer (1 Shawwal /27 Mach).

The first Eid al-Adha (celebration of sacrificing an animal - sheep, cow…) (10 Dhu al-Hijjah/3 June).

The appropriation of the cemetery of Jannat al-Baqi‘(eternal heaven) after the death of Uthman b. Maz‘un of the Muhajirun (one of the emigrants during the Hijrah) (Dhu al-Hijjah/June).

Zakat (charitable alms) is prescribed.

The death of Ka‘b b. Ashraf (14 Rabi’ al-Awwal/4 September).

The birth of Hasan (Sha’aban/January-February or 15 Ramadan/1 March).

The Bi’rimauna episode (Safar/July).

First order of prohibition of wine (Rabi’ al-Awwal/August -September).

The death of Zaynab bint Khuzaimah, the Prophet’s wife (Rabi’ al-thani/October).

The conversion of Bani Abs group into Islam in Medina.

The birth of Hussein (5 Sha’aban/10 January).

The death of Fatima bint Esed, mother of Ali.

The observation of a lunar eclipse in Medina; the khusuf prayer (prayer performed at the time of an eclipse) is led by the Prophet (Jumada al-thani/October).

400 people arrive from Mudhayna and convert to Islam in Medina (Rajab/December).

The episode of ifq (slander).

A census is taken in Medina (Shawwal /February-March).

Abdurrahman b. Avf is sent to Dumat al-Jandal (Sha’aban 6/December 627-January 628).

The night raid by Zaid b. Harisa, the second Vadilkura campaign (Ramadan/January-February).

The night raid by Abdullah b. Rawaha on Khaybar for reconnaissance (Ramadan/February).

The drought in Medina and the Prophet’s prayer for rain.

The eclipse of the sun and the Prophet’s kusuf prayer (end of Shawwal /March).

Umra (lesser pilgrimage) is performed (Dhu al-Qi’dah/March).

The visit of the Prophet to the grave of his mother.

Bai‘at al-Ridwan after the capture of Uthman when he was sent as an envoy to the Quraish (Dhu al-Qi’dah/March-April).

The treaty of Hudaybiyah is drawn up (Dhu al-Hijjah/April).

The revelation of Surat al-Fath.

The conversion of committees from the Bani Huzaa, Bani Aslam and Bani Husheni to Islam in Medina.

The sending of envoys or diplomatic letters expounding Islam to foreign countries and rulers, particularly the emperors of Byzantium and Persia (Muharram/May).

The conversion of the ruler of Abyssinia, Ashame, to Islam.

The Egyptian ruler sends Mariya to the Prophet with several gifts.

Abu’l-As converts to Islam and is remarried to Zaynab, the Prophet’s daughter (Muharram/May).

Attempt by Zaynab bint Kharis to poison Prophet Muhammad PBUH.

The death of the Prophet’s wet nurse Suvayba.

The governor of Yemen, Bazan, converts to Islam (Jumada al-awwal /September).

The night raid of Vadilkura (Jumada al-thani/October).

Agreement with the Jews of Tihama.

Umra is preformed, Umratu’l-kaza (Dhu al-Qi’dah/March).

The conversions of Khalid b. Velid, Amr b. As and Uthman b. Talha to Islam (1 Safar/31 May).

Zaynab, the Prophet’s daughter, dies (Safar/June).

The conversion of the Bani Sulaym and Bani Gifar tribes to Islam and  their contribution to the conquest of Mecca under the command of Khalid b. Velid.

Attempts by Abu Sufyan to maintain peace after the Quraish violate the Hudaybiyah Treaty.

The conquest of Mecca (20 Ramadan/11 January).

The Bani Mahzum tribe converts to Islam.

Hisham b. As is sent to Yalamlam, Khalid b. Said to Uraina, and Khalid b. Velid to Nahla to demolish the idol of Uzza. Sa‘d b. Zaid al-Ashhali is sent to demolish the idol of Manat at Mushallal. Amr b. As is sent to demolish the idol of Suva‘ of the Bani Huzail at  Ruhat. Tufeyl b. Amr ed-Dawsi is sent to demolish the idol of Zulkaffain of Amr b. Humama (Ramadan/ January).

The night raid by Halid b. Velid on Bani Jazima to invite them to Islam (Shawwal/February).

Distribution of the ghaneemat from the battle of Hunayn (Dhu al-Qi’dah/February).

Prophet Muhammad PBUH meets with the Shayma, the daughter of his wet nurse, for the first time since leaving the family.

Prophet Muhammad PBUH performs Umra (19 Dhu al-Qi’dah/10 March).

Amr b. As is sent to the rulers of Oman, and the brothers Jaifer and Abd b. Culenda as envoys (Dhu al-Qi’dah/March).

Ala b. Hadrami is sent with Abu Hurairah to the ruler of Bahrain Mundhir b. Sava as an envoy.

The birth of Ibrahim, the son of Prophet Muhammad PBUH (Dhu al-Hijjah /March - April).

Committees from the Bani Sa‘laba, Bani Suda’, Bani Bahila, Bani Sumala, Bani Jarm, Ehabish, Bani Ak and Bani Huzail convert to Islam in Medina.

Zakat (alms) officials are sent to some of the cities and tribes (Muharram/April-May).

Abbad b. Bishr is sent to the Bani Sulaim and Bani Muzaina, Rafi‘ b. Makis al-Juhani to the Bani Juhaina, Dahhak b. Sufyan al-Kilabi to the Bani Kilab, Busr b. Sufyan al-Ka‘bi to the Bani Ka‘b, Ibnu’l-Lutbiyya al-Azdi to the Bani Zubyan, Malik b. Nuvaira to the Bani Hanzale b. Malik, and Amr b. As to Fazare and Valid b. Ukba are sent to the Bani Mustaliq to collect zakat.

A committee from the Bani Asad converts to Islam in Medina.

The Fuls idol of the Tay tribe is destroyed by Ali.

Prophet Muhammad PBUH leads the funeral pray of Ashame, the ruler of Abyssinia (Rajab/October).

The Ila and tahyir episodes.

Committees representing the people of Jarba, Azruh, Makna, Ayla (Aqaba) and Tabuk arrive to strike a peace agreement with the Prophet.

Dihya b. Khalifa is sent from Tabuk to the Byzantine emperor Heraklaios for the second time to invite him to Islam.

Umm Qulsum, the Prophet’s daughter, dies.

Committees from the Bani Ukayl, Bani Kalb, Bani Kilab, Bani Tucib, Bani Gatafan, Bani Hanzala b. Malik, Bani Kudaa, Bali and Bani Behra convert to Islam in Medina.

The Christian Bani Taghlib arrives in Medina to make a peace treaty.

Ka‘b b. Zuhair converts to Islam; the Prophet gives his cloak to Ka‘b b. Zuhair.

Envoys sent by the Bani Sa‘d b. Baker tribes to Medina and convert to Islam.

The Bani Juzam committee converts to Islam at Medina.

The destruction of Masjid al-Dirar by the hypocrites.

The Hemyar Kings are invited to Islam and they accept Islam.

A committee from the Bani Hamdan, Bani Fazare, Bani Murra and the Sakif tribe convert to Islam in Taif.

Abu Sufyan and Mugira b. Shuba are sent to demolish the idol of Lat.

The death of Abdullah b. Ubayy b. Salul, the leader of the hypocrites (Dhu al-Qi’dah/February).

The first Hajj (major pilgrimage) led by Abu Bakr (Dhu al-Qi’dah- Dhu al-Hijjah/March).

Ali is sent to Mecca to inform the unbelievers about the rules of the Surat al- Tawba (Dhu al-Hijjah/March).

A committee arrives from the Najran Christians in Medina and an agreement is reached with Prophet Muhammad PBUH (Dhu al-Hijjah/April).

Jarir b. Abdullah is sent to demolish the idol and temple of Zulhalasa.

Prophet Muhammad PBUH submits the Holy Quran to the Angel Gabriel twice. The Prophet retires for the last twenty days of Ramadan (Ramadan/December).

Committees from the Bani Azd, Abna, Bani Tay, Bani Amir b. Sa‘saa, Bani Kenda, Bani Tucib, Bani  Rehaviyyin, Bani Gafek, Bani Mahra, Bani Hanifa, Bani Ans, Bani Murad, Bani Abdulkays, Bani Hilal, Bani Ruha and Bani Zubaida convert to Islam in Medina.

Musailima and the liar's correspondence with the Prophet.

The death of Ibrahim, the son of Prophet Muhammad PBUH (29 Shawwal/28 January).

Departure from Medina for the final major pilgrimage (26 Dhu al-Qi’dah/23 February).

The Farewell Sermon (9 Dhu al-Hijjah/7 March).

The final circumambulation of the Kaaba (14 Dhu al-Hijjah/12 March Thursday).

A committee from the Bani Muhareb converts to Islam in Medina (Dhu al-Hijjah/March).

The death of the Yemen governor Bazani; eleven governors are appointed to Yemen.

The revelation of Surat al-Nasr (Dhu al-Hijjah/March).

Rayhana bint Sham, the Prophet’s wife, dies.

A committee from the Bani Naha converts to Islam in Medina (15 Muharram/12 April).

The Prophet falls ill (27 Safar/24 May Sunday).

Aswad al-Ansi, who falsely claimed to be a prophet, dies (8 Rabi’ al-Awwal /3 June).

Prophet Muhammad PBUH dies (13 Rabi’ al-Awwal/8 June Monday).

The burial of Prophet Muhammad PBUH (14 Rabi’ al-Awwal/9 June Tuesday).